Fuel-mixer.



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w'. w. CORE & A. P. WEHNER. FUEL MIXER. APPLICATION FILED SEPT.25.19\6.

Patented. July 9, 1918.

2 SHEETSSHEET I.

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BNVENTQR wwyu W. W. CORE & A. P. WEHNER.

FUEL MIXER. APPLICATION FILED SEPT-25 196. 1 $713M Patented July 9,1918. 2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

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- WAYNE W. CORE AND ALPHONSE P. WEHNER, 0F PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA.

FUEL-MIXER.

Application filed September 25, 1916. Serial No.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, WAYNE W. COR and ALrHoNsn P. WERNER, residents of Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Fuel-Mixers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to fuel mixers for explosive engines. An object of the invention is to provide a device which will automatically supply air tobe mixed with the fuel charge between the carbureter and the explosion chamber. A further object is to provide such adevice of a form which will automatically graduate the amount of air to be sup lied in proportion to the amount of ich' is being used by the engine. A further object is to so connect the mixer that It will be constantly and automatically lubricated by oil from the crank case. A further object is to rovide a spring for actuating a piston va ve in a mixer of the class described of such form that it will be readily compressed throughout a portion of its length,'and then the remainder of the spring will be acted upon by additional pressure and fully compressed. A further object is to provide such a device ofsimple construction, of few parts, and of completely auto matic operation. i

These and other objects are attained by' a construction which is illustrated in the ac companyin drawings. Figure 1' is aside elevation o the-casing which incloses the working parts of the mixer; Fig. 2 is a central vertical section through the device showing the normal seated position of'the valve, the engine not runningyFig. 3'is a' partial section similar to that shown in Fig. 2,showing the valve in raised position with the engine running; Fig. 4' is a partial vertical section on the line 44'of Fig. 2; Fig. 5

shows the special form of spring used in the mixer! Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic elevation showing the connection of'the mixer to the crank case of an explosive engine; and Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic elevation showing the connection offthe mixer to the breather tube of: an engine crank case. i

' In explosive engines, and particularly those used forv high speed work, such as automobiles, motor boats, aeroplanes, etc., it has been found that the average mixture oflfuel provided by drawing air through a carbuageter c ntaini-ng gasolene, or other liquid Specification of Letters Patent.

111g manifold, or to the rafteatea July a, rare.

fuel, may be improved in quality by the addition of a certain amount of air. The combustion is more erfect, and the tained greater, w en this is done.

The present invention comprises a casing 1, which may be cast in one piece. This has a threaded connection 2 adapted to engage a pipe forming an air inlet. This is preferably led to the inside of the crank case, as shown in Fig. 6 or to the breather tube, as shown in Fig. 7, for reasons which will be more fully explained below. Another threaded extension 3 is adapted to be engaged by a pipe leadin to the fuel supply- Fuel pipe between the carbureter and the explosion chambers of the engine at any desired point. The casing forms a cylindrical bore 4, and has an inner wall 5 which forms a supplementary chamber 6 leading into the extension 3, which is divided by a longitudinal partition 7, forming a lower chamber 8, which connects with the main bore 4 by a port 9, which is preferably T-shaped. A piston 10 is accurately fitted in the bore 4, so that it is slidable therein. The central portion of this piston is cut away to form an annular passage 11, and the upper part has a cavity 11 adapted to form a retaining seat for a coil spring 12 which bears at its other end against the top of the main casing 1. The lower end of the bore is closed by a threaded cap member 13, having a small hole thcret-hrough, the inner end of which forms a shoulder 14, upon which the slidablc piston seats at the lower end of its travel. The coil spring 12 is made of two parts, a larger and stronger spring 12*, and a smaller weaker spring 12", the two being brazed together, as shown in Fig. 5. The two parts of this spring are so selected as to strength that the smaller portion 12 will be completely collapsed before the larger portion 12 will be materially affected. This gives a preliminary resistance, and then a stronger secondary resistance to pressure on the e ds. 1

Fig. 6 illustrates in a diagrammatic manner the way in which our device is connected to the crank case of an explosive engine. As is well known, the ordinary explosive engine comprises a cylinder 16, a cylinder head 17,

and an intake manifold 18, connected to the inlet valves for each of the cylinders, a carbureter device 19 being fitted in a connection between the intake manifold 18 and a gasopower ob r spring andexhaust change.

lene supply tanks20; filled by a pipe 21 leadingto the main the cylinders theengine has a crank case 22, and ordinarily breather tube 23 is used for allowing equalization of the air in the crank case, ,or as a. port for pouring oil thereinto. Our .mixer. .is either. manifold by the extension 3, a connecting pipe, and the extension. 21s connected by a pipe 24 to the engine crank case, as shownirt Fig. 6. Or, if-preferred, this pipe 24? may be connected to the breather tube,- =as-shown= in Fig: 7,j'andthus cutting into the crank case is avoided.

The operation-0fthe device is as follows:-"The mixer being connected through outlet 3 to the manifold or fuel supply "pipe,

beyond the carbureter, when-the englne starts, .the exhaust created by the induction stroke-of a pistonycreates a partial vacuum which is-applied' through the chamber 6 and bore lgtending to raise the; piston valvelO in the casing. It will be observed-that in the normal position of this piston, that is at the bottom; of the casing, there is a slight leakage providedconsequently the exhaust 'or suction of the cylinder immediately forces-the-piston upward. to the-limit of its travel that direc- P tion, as showngini Fig.6 3. ln-thispesition,

the casing isentirely fold. As the engine gets started,the th'rottie is opened wider,allowingthe passage of more gas through the carbureter; and consequently --the f strength of I the partial vacuumis reduced, wvhereupon the: spring 12 tends to force the piston 10 downward. This brings the edge "15 of the passagell of the piston. below the top of the port 9 through the casing wall into the outlet "connection 3, and air is drawn througlr the .casing and mixed with fuel in the fuel; supply manif old. As moregas is'supplied to the-engine,1the

vacuum further decreases, the piston fura position which allows the ther descends, to entireppening 9 to register with the passage 11, and the maximum amount ofair is sup,- plied hrough'the mixer, and combined with the fuel supplied-to the explosion chambers. lt. willbe understood that the normal .position. of the piston while the engine is running is with 'a' portion of theport-"Q registering with the passage '11. Asthe amount-of fuel supplied varies, the force of .,the" partial vacuum. variesdirectly, .andthe piston is moved up and down, as theforces of, the 1 Consequently the] supply of air varies directlyaas the amount of fuel 'supplie'd' tothe, engine, the. mixture is substantiallyconstant.

The port 9 is prefrably-niade; in. the form of an inverted T,- Which-"shapeprovides for th'epassage of a" small-amountof air a't the and amount of fuel is reached.

opening .into v preferred to screwed into .the. inlet or by means of from the inlet pipe 2 to thespace by passage ll around the'piston,'

. time '1 the. engine is; starting, and then gives fuel storage tank. Between a much; greater amount as the maximum The inlet extenslon' 2 may be simply an any free air space, but it i cra nk,.case,..of the engine. This ,draws an oil-saturated air through the mixer'w'hich lead a pipe therefrom to the =.forms;an eflieientameans of lubrication for g the piston 10, and secures an air free from dust and I particles. ofsolid: matter. In; :-.ad-. dition.toxthis, there -is a certain. amnuntiof gas: in the: .case,-..-escaped from the cylinder which is, usablefor explosives. lln.;some

cases it-is notdesirable to bore into the eranln case .of anengine, and then; thisiconnection may be. made to the breather tube, :giving substantially-the:Samoa-results. V

The particular) form .of coil spring; to .op-a pose .the upward.- travel :of; the piston permits a very readyamovsmentiforz the :fi-rst half of its traveL-andopposes a much-g reatenresist-i ancei during ther-second half... This 1- second half of: its path -oftravel comprises -th'at portion: which varies X as. the:. amount of .fuel supplied to the enginetis' changed. 1- 'Gense quentlyi-the valve Every quickly moves to eoperativeposition; actual use is determined hy a .muchlstronger ring. 1 r ltwill bezobservedthatrthe device is very simple: in I constructiom and that the reasiiug may:-:bemade a singlezeastinga and? then. its variation [in phragm 7 is not gabsolutely essentiahto:the.

operation, and. when) used it may. -.benmade bythe simplelinsertion of a" stripaof-smetal.

There are :onlytwo movable-parts, the spring,

inclliding andathere; is. moaned; for? adjust;

'ment, and'infact'no.partstmbezadjustecl-or Y which can work out of adjustment Uther advantages will be: zapparenli; to those. .familiamwiththe. arts. I I

"We claimsf f l. The: combination with an explosive I en! gine,-of an air supply devicecompriing a casinghaving a" sliding valveithrein', means to move-thevalve-by exhaust mt pressurein the engine fuelsupply manifold to allowair to pass through thecasing,- and connections through the; casing to the engine crank case 1 15- I and to the fuelfsupply matnifoldz i 2.'l[na device of the 'class ldes eribemfacas ing having a 'passage therethrough connect edon one} side the fuel 'su'pply' pipe and on theother to theprank ease-fi heaen 'gme, E

' a piston valve in passage, means to the piston aiitomati sally governed by' tlie amount I. of

th easing controlling the fuel supplied to ths en ginet'the passage be;-

ing graduatedjto as the-speed'of-the origins increases J .yA 'fuelmixer for-sx-plos'ige eomprisinga casing-ads. ted tote; connected to'the fuelsupply main old 1 one side and increase; supply of air 11:25

the k ease on thelothl r m Pismn $3 valve in said casing controlling the passage 5. The combination with an explosive entherethrough and arranged to automatigine, of an air supply device comprising a cally govern the passage of air to, increase casing having a sliding valve therein, a the supply'of air as the speed of the engine graduated opening through the casing, increases. means to move the valve by exhaust of pres- 4. A fuel mixer for explosive engines, sure'in the fuel supply manifold of the encomprising a casing adapted to be connectgine to allow discharge of air through the ed to the fuel supply manifold on one/side casing, and connections through the casing and to the crank case on the other, a piston to the engine crank case and fuel supply slidably mounted in the casing and having manifold. anannular channel adapted to register In testimony Whereof, We have hereunto simultaneously with said connections, a set our hands.

spring normally holding the piston in posi- W AYNE W CORE. 7

tion to close the connections and automatic means to move the piston to permit passage ALPHONSE N of air through the casing to the supply mani- Witnesses: fold, the supply of air being increased as GLENN H. LERESCHE,

' the speed of the engine increases. I A. E. JOHNSON. 

